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A diagram of a type A HDMI receptacle, showing 10 pins on the top row and 9 pins on the bottom row (total 19 pins). HDMI type A receptacle Pin 1 TMDS Data2+ Pin 2 TMDS Data2 Shield Pin 3 TMDS Data2− Pin 4 TMDS Data1+ Pin 5 TMDS Data1 Shield Pin 6 TMDS Data1− Pin 7 TMDS Data0+ Pin 8 TMDS Data0 Shield Pin 9 TMDS Data0− Pin 10 TMDS Clock+ Pin 11 TMDS Clock Shield Pin 12 TMDS Clock− Pin 13 CEC Pin 14 Reserved (HDMI 1.0–1.3a) Utility/HEAC+ (HDMI 1.4+, optional, HDMI Ethernet Channel and Audio Return Channel) Pin 15 SCL (I2C serial clock for DDC) Pin 16 SDA (I2C serial data for DDC) Pin 17 Ground (for DDC, CEC, ARC, and HEC) Pin 18 +5 V (min. 0.055 A)[3] Pin 19 Hot Plug Detect (all versions) HEAC− (HDMI 1.4+, optional, HDMI Ethernet Channel and Audio Return Channel)
Version 2.0 HDMI 2.0, referred to by some manufacturers as HDMI UHD, was released on September 4, 2013.[112] HDMI 2.0 increases the maximum bandwidth to 18.0 Gbit/s.[112][113][114] HDMI 2.0 uses TMDS encoding for video transmission like previous versions, giving it a maximum video bandwidth of 14.4 Gbit/s. This enables HDMI 2.0 to carry 4K video at 60 Hz with 24 bit/px color depth.[112][115][116] Other features of HDMI 2.0 include support for the Rec. 2020 color space, up to 32 audio channels, up to 1536 kHz audio sample frequency, dual video streams to multiple users on the same screen, up to four audio streams, 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, 25 fps 3D formats, support for the 21:9 aspect ratio, dynamic synchronization of video and audio streams, the HE-AAC and DRA audio standards, improved 3D capability, and additional CEC functions.[112][117] HDMI 2.0a was released on April 8, 2015, and added support for High Dynamic Range (HDR) video with static metadata.[118] HDMI 2.0b was released March, 2016.[119] HDMI 2.0b initially supported the same HDR10 standard as HDMI 2.0a as specified in the CTA-861.3 specification.[117] In December 2016 additional support for HDR Video transport was added to HDMI 2.0b in the recently released CTA-861-G specification, which extends the static metadata signaling to include Hybrid Log-Gamma (HLG).[117][120][121]
Version 2.1 HDMI 2.1 was officially announced by the HDMI Forum on January 4, 2017,[81][82] and was released on November 28, 2017.[122] It adds support for higher resolutions and higher refresh rates, including 4K 120 Hz and 8K 120 Hz. HDMI 2.1 also introduces a new HDMI cable category called Ultra High Speed (referred to as 48G during development), which certifies cables at the new higher speeds that these formats require. Ultra High Speed HDMI cables are backwards compatible with older HDMI devices, and older cables are compatible with new HDMI 2.1 devices, though the full 48 Gbit/s bandwidth is not possible without the new cables. Additional features of HDMI 2.1:[123][122] Maximum supported format is 10K at 120 Hz Dynamic HDR for specifying HDR metadata on a scene-by-scene or even a frame-by-frame basis Display Stream Compression (DSC) 1.2 is used for video formats higher than 8K with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling High Frame Rate (HFR) for 4K, 8K, and 10K, which adds support for refresh rates up to 120 Hz Enhanced Audio Return Channel (eARC) for object-based audio formats such as Dolby Atmos and DTS:X Enhanced refresh rate and latency reduction features: Variable Refresh Rate (VRR) reduces or eliminates lag, stutter and frame tearing for more fluid motion in games Quick Media Switching (QMS) for movies and video eliminates the delay that can result in blank screens before content begins to be displayed Quick Frame Transport (QFT) reduces latency by bursting individual pictures across the HDMI link as fast as possible when the link's hardware supports more bandwidth than the minimum amount needed for the resolution and frame rate of the content. With QFT, individual pictures arrive earlier and some hardware blocks can be fully powered off for longer periods of time between pictures to reduce heat generation and extend battery life. Auto Low Latency Mode (ALLM) – When a display device supports the option to either optimize its pixel processing for best latency or best pixel processing, ALLM allows the current HDMI source device to automatically select, based on its better understanding of the nature of its own content, which mode the user would most likely prefer. Video formats that require more bandwidth than 18.0 Gbit/s (4K 60 Hz 8 bpc RGB), such as 4K 60 Hz 10 bpc (HDR), 4K 120 Hz, and 8K 60 Hz, may require the new "Ultra High Speed" or "Ultra High Speed with Ethernet" cables.[82] HDMI 2.1's other new features are supported with existing HDMI cables. The increase in maximum bandwidth is achieved by increasing both the bitrate of the data channels and the number of channels. Previous HDMI versions use three data channels (each operating at up to 6.0 GHz in HDMI 2.0, or up to 3.4 GHz in HDMI 1.4), with an additional channel for the TMDS clock signal, which runs at a fraction of the data channel speed (one tenth the speed, or up to 340 MHz, for signaling rates up to 3.4 GHz; one fortieth the speed, or up to 150 MHz, for signaling rates between 3.4 and 6.0 GHz). HDMI 2.1 doubles the signaling rate of the data channels to 12 GHz (12 Gbit/s). The structure of the data has been changed to use a new packet-based format with an embedded clock signal, which allows what was formerly the TMDS clock channel to be used as a fourth data channel instead, increasing the signaling rate across that channel to 12 GHz as well. These changes increase the aggregate bandwidth from 18.0 Gbit/s (3 × 6.0 Gbit/s) to 48.0 Gbit/s (4 × 12.0 Gbit/s), a 2.66x improvement in bandwidth. In addition, the data is transmitted more efficiently by using a 16b/18b encoding scheme, which uses a larger percentage of the bandwidth for data rather than DC balancing compared to the TMDS scheme used by previous versions (88.8% compared to 80%). This, in combination with the 2.66x bandwidth, raises the maximum data rate of HDMI 2.1 from 14.4 Gbit/s to 42.66 Gbit/s, approximately 2.96x the data rate of HDMI 2.0.[124][125] The 48 Gbit/s bandwidth provided by HDMI 2.1 is enough for 8K resolution at approximately 50 Hz, with 8 bpc RGB or Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color. To achieve even higher formats, HDMI 2.1 can use Display Stream Compression with a compression ratio of up to 3:1. Using DSC, formats up to 8K (7680 × 4320) 120 Hz or 10K (10240 × 4320) 100 Hz at 8 bpc RGB/4:4:4 are possible. Using Y′CBCR with 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling in combination with DSC can allow for even higher formats.[123] HDMI 2.1 includes HDR10+ as part of Vendor Specific Data Block with OUI 90-84-8b for "HDR10+ Technologies, LLC".[126][127]
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原帖由 MKIII 于 2021-5-13 16:08 发表 前阵子，我买了根5米长的HDMI 2.1的线材，斯泰克，便宜量又足， 结果实际连4K60 10bit RGB都做不到，颜色范围必须降级到YCbCr444，强拉RGB和60帧的后果就是黑屏，不识别设备。 赶紧退货换了根3米的开博尔，4K120 1 ...
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